Fig. 3
From: β-Catenin signaling positively regulates glutamate uptake and metabolism in astrocytes
β-Catenin partners with TCF-3 to regulate GS expression at the transcription level in PDAs. PDAs were transfected with siRNA for β-catenin or Scrm-si for 72 h (a, b) or pABC and pcDNA for 24 h (c) and GS mRNA (a) and protein (b, c) measured by real-time qPCR and WB, respectively. PDAs were transfected with siRNA designated for TCF/LEF family members or Scrm-si (d), and at 72 h post transfection, GS mRNA (d) and protein (e) levels were measured by qPCR and WB, respectively. f PDAs (~2 × 106 cells) were cross-linked with 1.0 % formaldehyde and sonicated to generate chromatin preparations. ChIP was performed using antibodies against β-catenin (5 μg antibody/IP). Data shown are normalized to a nontargeting IgG control and reported as a fold change relative to IgG. Asterisks indicate a p < 0.05 relative to the respective control using Student’s t test. Error bars indicate SD