Table 5 Multivariate analysis of factors contributing to clinical and laboratory features

Age at disease onset

β

t value

p value

     Region (northern Japan)

−0.0918

−1.94

NS

     Sex (female)

−0.0127

−0.27

NS

      HLA-DRB1*04:05 allele (+)

−0.1970

−4.12

<0.0001

     HLA-DRB1*15:01 allele (+)

−0.0239

−0.50

NS

MSSS (Q1/Q2–Q4)

Adjusted OR

95 % CI

p value

     Region (northern Japan)

3.64

2.15–6.33

<0.0001

     Sex (female)

0.98

0.55–1.76

NS

     Age at onset

0.97

0.95–0.99

0.0159

     SPMS

0.06

0.009–0.20

<0.0001

     ARR

0.15

0.07 − 0.31

<0.0001

     HLA-DRB1*04:05 allele (+)

1.81

1.07–3.07

0.0266

     HLA-DRB1*15:01 allele (+)

1.46

0.83–2.56

NS

Benign MS

Adjusted OR

95 % CI

p value

     Region (northern Japan)

2.63

1.18–6.09

0.0206

     Sex (female)

0.87

0.37–2.00

NS

     Age at onset

0.97

0.94–1.01

NS

     SPMS

0.04

0.008–0.12

<0.0001

     ARR

0.43

0.11–1.42

NS

     HLA-DRB1*04:05 allele (+)

2.49

1.12–5.74

0.0275

     HLA-DRB1*15:01 allele (+)

1.72

0.76–4.04

NS

Barkhof criteria

Adjusted OR

95 % CI

p value

     Region (northern Japan)

1.63

1.01–2.63

0.0434

     Sex (female)

0.80

0.46–1.35

NS

     Age at onset

0.97

0.95–0.99

0.0132

     SPMS

2.55

1.05–6.80

0.0384

     Disease duration (years)

0.98

0.95–1.01

NS

     ARR

1.05

0.67–1.74

NS

     EDSS

0.98

0.85–1.13

NS

     HLA-DRB1*04:05 allele (+)

0.49

0.30–0.80

0.0043

     HLA-DRB1*15:01 allele (+)

1.45

0.85–2.53

NS

Positive OB and/or increased IgG index

Adjusted OR

95 % CI

p value

     Region (northern Japan)

3.80

2.31–6.36

<0.0001

     Sex (female)

1.36

0.78–2.36

NS

     Age at onset

1.00

0.98–1.02

NS

     SPMS

1.43

0.60–3.51

NS

     ARR

0.99

0.66–1.49

NS

     EDSS

1.00

0.87–1.16

NS

     HLA-DRB1*04:05 allele (+)

0.39

0.23–0.65

0.0004

     HLA-DRB1*15:01 allele (+)

1.65

0.95–2.88

NS