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Fig. 9 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 9

From: HIV-1 Tat-shortened neurite outgrowth through regulation of microRNA-132 and its target gene expression

Fig. 9

Effects of Tat expression and exosomal miR-132 induction on neurite outgrowth. Primary mouse astrocytes were isolated from WT (a) and iTat (b), cultured in the presence (+Dox) or absence of (−Dox) of 5 mg/ml for 48 h, transfected with miR-132i (+miR-132i) or a control miRNA (−miR-132i) and continued to culture for 48 h. The cell culture supernatants were collected and used to isolate exosomes. Primary mouse cortical neurons were plated and cultured on poly-lysine-coated coverslips in a 24-well plate at the density of 85,000 cells/well and continued to culture in the presence of the exosomes isolated above for 48 h. Then, the cells were harvested for immunofluorescence staining for MAP-2 and counterstained with DAPI (a, b). The images were representative of three independent experiments

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