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Fig. 9 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 9

From: Immunomodulatory effects of nicotine on interleukin 1β activated human astrocytes and the role of cyclooxygenase 2 in the underlying mechanism

Fig. 9

Schematic representation of the immunomodulatory effects of nicotine on human fetal astrocytes. During neuroinflammation, proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β stimulate the production of NF-κB-dependent cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α. In our study, we observed that nicotine treatment inhibits the production of such inflammatory cytokines possibly through the COX-2 pathway to restore homeostasis. Nicotine binds to its α7nACh receptor on astrocytes and increases a COX-2-dependent PGE2 level that seems to be a crucial mechanism

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Journal of Neuroinflammation

ISSN: 1742-2094