Fig. 3

CCL2 expression and secretion upon TNF-α at 12, 24, and 48 h in BMEC and SCMEC monolayers. a The steady state levels of Ccl2 mRNA relative to Gapdh was assessed by RT-qPCR in all tested conditions. b CCL2 secretion in the culture supernatants was assessed by anti-CCL2 ELISA quantification in all tested conditions. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (**p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001)