Fig. 5

UPLC-IM-MS global metabolomic profile analysis upon LPS treatment. a Global principal component analysis (PCA) of LPS-treated (6 and 24 h) and untreated sample types (brain chamber) illustrating that three distinct metabolic signatures or profiles were observed in the UPLC-IM-MS analysis. b Trend analysis for m/z 191.1529 illustrates the ability to observe trends in normalized metabolite abundances indicative of treatment exposure times. c Volcano plot comparing basal conditions (no LPS treatment) vs.100 μg/mL LPS stimulation in the vascular chamber. In these plots, we observed 64 (6 h) and 132 (24 h) unique compounds that met our significant criteria (fold change ≥│2│ and p ≤ 0.05) in the vascular response to LPS. d Volcano plot comparing basal conditions (0 LPS) vs.100 μg/mL LPS stimulation in the brain chamber. We observed 60 (6 h) and 90 (24 h) unique metabolites/compounds that met our significant criteria (fold change ≥│2│ and p ≤ 0.05) in the brain response to LPS