Fig. 4

APAP attenuated LPS-induced microglial (brown) activation. a Representative images of Iba1-labelled activated microglia in the hippocampi 24 h after LPS administration. a Activated microglia and cell nuclei in the hippocampi on postoperative day 1. b The number of hippocampal Iba1-positive cells on postoperative day 1 under ×200 magnification. Scale bars: ×100, 200 μm; ×200, 100 μm. Data are expressed as the mean ± SE (n = 5–6). ***P < 0.001 vs. CON group; ^# P < 0.05, ^## P < 0.01 vs. LPS group. APAP acetaminophen, aCSF artificial cerebrospinal fluid, LPS lipopolysaccharide, SE standard error