Table 1 Study participant characteristics broken down by the presence or absence of HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment as defined by global deficit score

Age (years)

43.0 (38.8–48.0)

43.0 (38.0–48.0)

45.0 (40.3–49.8)

0.019

Education (years)

12 (11–14)

12 (11–14)

13 (12–16)

0.030

 Black

138 (42%)

107 (46%)

31 (32%)

 Hispanic

30 (8%)

21 (9%)

12 (12%)

 White

152 (46%)

99 (42%)

53 (54%)

 Other

9 (3%)

7 (3%)

2 (2%)

0.095

Sex (n, % male)

262 (77%)

184 (79%)

78 (80%)

0.883

Diabetes mellitus (n, %)

31 (10%)

12 (5%)

19 (20%)

0.001

BMI

25.8 (23.2–29.0)

25.5 (23.1–29.3)

26.3 (24.1–28.6)

0.437

Plasma HIV RNA (log₁₀ copies/ml)

1.9 (1.7–4.0)

2.2 (1.7–4.1)

1.7 (1.7–3.5)

0.087

Undetectable HIV RNA in plasma (n, %)

113 (34%)

79 (34%)

34 (34%)

0.899

CSF HIV RNA (log₁₀ copies/ml)

1.7 (1.7–2.3)

1.7 (1.7–2.4)

1.7 (1.7–1.9)

0.164

Undetectable HIV RNA in CSF (n, %)

198 (60%)

132 (56%)

64 (65%)

0.144

Absolute CD4+ T-cell count

455 (270–636)

441 (264–645)

461(308–632)

0.639

CD4⁺ T-cell nadir

193 (60–315)

204 (69–325)

174(57–281)

0.224

HCV status negative (n, %)

78 (24%)

54 (23%)

24 (24%)

0.778

 ART-naïve

51 (15%)

38 (16%)

13 (13%)

 ART

230 (69%)

158 (67%)

72 (74%)

 Non-ART

44 (13%)

34 (15%)

10 (10%)

 No ARVs

7 (2%)

4 (2%)

3 (3%)

0.508

WRAT

96 (85–105)

97(85–107)

94(83–102)

0.143

Beck’s Depression Inventory Score

11(5–22)

11(5–20)

12(6–24)

0.399