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Fig. 4 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 4

From: TNF-α promotes extracellular vesicle release in mouse astrocytes through glutaminase

Fig. 4

TNF-α induces EV release through GLS in mouse astrocytes. a Mouse astrocytes were pretreated with 10 μM BPTES, 10 mM NAC, or 10 μM GW4869 for 1 h, and then treated with TNF-α (50 ng/ml) for 24 h in serum-free media. EVs were isolated from the supernatants, and EV protein lysates were prepared. The levels of TSG101, Alix, and Flotillin-2 were determined by Western Blots. bd Densitometric quantifications of the TSG101, Alix, and Flotillin-2 protein levels were presented as fold change relative to the controls. The results shown were representative of three independent experiments. Quantification results were shown as mean ± SD of experiments performed in triplicate (n = 3). ** and *** denote p < 0.01 and p < 0.001 in comparison to control, respectively. #, ##, and ### denote p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001 in comparison to TNF-α treated group, respectively

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