Fig. 7
From: Toll-like receptor 4 in glial inflammatory responses to air pollution in vitro and in vivo
Inflammatory protein panel. Mixed glia: induction of inflammatory cytokines by nPM, with attenuation by TLR4 siRNA. Media groups are non-transfected cultures. a TNFα was increased by nPM treatment (p < 0.001). siRNA treatment reduced TNFα protein response to nPM (p < 0.0001). TNFα protein in siRNA cultures treated with nPM did not differ from controls. b IL-1β was increased by nPM (p < 0.001). IL-1β induced by nPM was attenuated by TLR4 siRNA (p < 0.001). c nPM increased IL-6 protein (p < 0.0001). TLR4 siRNA reduced nPM IL-6 induction versus non-transfected cultures (p < 0.0001). d KC protein was increased by nPM in both non-transfected cultures (p < 0.0001) and TLR4 siRNA (p < 0.001), with attenuated induction in siRNA cultures. e IFN-y was increased by nPM (p < 0.0001) and by TLR4 siRNA (p < 0.0001). f IL-5 was increased by nPM (p < 0.001), and by siRNA (p < 0.01), with no further increase by nPM. g IL-4 was decreased by nPM (p < 0.05)