Fig. 8

Kososan extract restored the stress-elicited reduction in hippocampal neurogenesis. On day 13, BrdU and DCX double immunostaining was performed on three coronal brain hemisphere sections per mouse. a Representative photomicrographs depicting BrdU-positive (brown-stained) and/or DCX-positive (gray-stained) cells in the SGZ. The lower panel shows a high magnification of the selected area in the upper panel. Arrows and arrowhead in the lower panel show the BrdU/DCX double-positive and BrdU-positive/DCX-negative cells, respectively, in the SGZ. Scale bar = 50 μm (upper) and 10 μm (lower). b The percentage of BrdU/DCX double-stained cells in the SGZ is calculated by dividing the number of BrdU/DCX double-stained cells by the total number of BrdU-positive cells. c Total number of BrdU-positive cells in the SGZ is shown. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 12–15 per group). *p < 0.001 according to Bonferroni’s post hoc test. GCL granular cell layer, SGZ subgranular zone, BrdU bromodeoxyuridine, DCX doublecortin, KS kososan