Fig. 9

Examine of sexually divergent gene expression in the cortex. To examine whether sexually divergent age-related changes in gene expression are evident across brain regions, selected microglial ligands (a), effectors (b), and receptors (c) targets from the hippocampus were examined in the cortex. Data is scaled to a mean value of 1 for young males. Boxes boundaries are the 25th and 75th percentiles, with median denoted by the bar and error bars at the 10th and 90th percentiles. Two-way ANOVA (age × sex), ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05 Student–Newman–Kuels pairwise post hoc, n = 7–8/group. Solid comparison lines denote age-related changes within a sex, and dashed comparison lines are sex-related differences within an age. d A selection of genes with alternate expression parameters were also confirmed