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Table 3 Frequency of intrathecal IgM and IgA synthesis; IgM and IgA CSF/serum ratios; intrathecal IgM and IgA fractions; amount of locally produced IgM and IgA; and absolute CSF and serum IgM and IgA concentrations

From: Pattern II and pattern III MS are entities distinct from pattern I MS: evidence from cerebrospinal fluid analysis

  Units Pattern I MS Pattern II + III MS Pattern II MS Pattern III MS AQP4-IgG+ NMO [48]
QIgM > Qlim(IgM) Patients 3/9 (33.3) 3/17 (17.6) 3/12 (25) 0/5 (0) n.d.
QIgM > Qlim(IgM), LPs Samples 3/16 (18.8) 5/30 (16.7) 5/20 (25) 0/10 (0) 13/96 (14%)
QIgM, all LPs – 0.58 (0.26–1.5; 15) 0.65 (0.1–14.1; 26) 0.8 (0.1–14.1; 17) 0.6 (0.5–5.8; 9) 0.9 (0–40.5; 97)
QIgM, if positive – 0.8 (0.58–1.5; 3) 9.8 (3.5–14.1; 5) 9.8 (3.5–14.1; 5) n.a. 8.3 (1.2–40.5; 13)
IgMloc, all LPs mg/L 0 (0–0.27; 16) 0 (0–9.24; 29) 0 (0–9.24; 19) 0 (0–0; 10) 0 (0–35.3; 95)
IgMloc, QIgM positives mg/L 0.12 (0.05–0.27; 3) 6.41 (0.86–9.24; 5) 6.41 (0.86–9.24; 5) n.a. 0.9 (0–35.3; 13)
IgMIF, all LPs % 0 (0–0.12; 16) 0 (0–0.86; 30) 0 (0–0.86; 20) 0 (0–0; 10) 0 (0-95.8; 95)
IgMIF, QIgM positives % 0.1 (0.09-0.12; 3) 0.71 (0.17–0.86; 5) 0.71 (0.17–0.86; 5) n.a. 15.3 (2.3–95.8; 13)
IgM CSF, all LPs mg/L 1 (0.4–3; 15) 1.05 (0.2–17.8; 26) 1.2 (0.2–17.8; 17) 0.9 (0.54–11; 9) 0.7 (0–36.9; 100)
IgM CSF, QIgM positives mg/L 1.2 (0.42–3; 3) 9 (5.4–17.8; 5) 9 (5.4–17.8; 5) n.a. n.d.
IgM serum, all LPs g/L 1.68 (0.56–3.75; 16) 1.6 (0.38–3.68; 29) 1.45 (0.38–3.68; 20) 1.7 (0.9–2.2; 9) 0.96 (0.13–2.85; 99)
IgM serum, QIgM positives g/L 1.51 (0.72–2; 3) 1.1 (0.64–1.5; 5) 1.1 (0.64–1.5; 5) n.a. n.d.
QIgA > Qlim(IgA) Patients 2/8 (25) 1/17 (5.9) 1/12 (8.3) 0/5 (0) n.d.
QIgA > Qlim(IgA) Samples 2/15 (13.3) 1/29 (3.4) 1/19 (5.3) 0/10 (0) 5/88 (6%)
QIgA, all LPs – 1.77 (1.01–5.7; 13) 2.5 (0.82–9.1; 29) 2.4 (1–6.6; 19) 3.3 (0.82–9.1; 10) 2.1 (0–40.4; 88)
QIgA, if positive – 3.22 (1.73–4.7; 2) 1 (1–1; 1) 1 (1–1; 1) n.a. 5.1 (3.7–20.2; 5)
IgAloc, all LPs mg/L 0 (0–3.72; 15) 0 (0–0.08; 29) 0 (0–0.08; 19) 0 (0–0; 10) 0 (0–3.2; 86)
IgAloc, QIgA positives mg/L 2.015 (0.31–3.72; 2) 0.08 (0.08–0.08; 1) 0.08 (0.08–0.08; 1) n.a. 0.3 (0.03–3.2; 5)
IgAIF, all LPs % 0 (0–0.73; 15) 0 (0–0.08; 29) 0 (0–0.08; 19) 0 (0–0; 10) 0 (0–7.5; 86)
IgAIF, QIgA positives % 0.425 (0.12–0.73; 2) 0.08 (0.08–0.08; 1) 0.08 (0.08–0.08; 1) n.a. 5.6 (0.5–7.5; 5)
IgA CSF, all LPs mg/L 2.7 (1.4–16.6; 13) 4.55 (0.24–19.9; 30) 3.45 (0.24–17.5; 20) 8.5 (3.1–19.9; 10) 4.7 (0–131; 95)
IgA CSF, QIgA positives mg/L 3.79 (2.5–5.08; 2) 1.1 (1.1–1.1; 1) 1.1 (1.1–1.1; 1) n.a. n.d.
IgA serum, all LPs g/L 1.53 (0.9–2.9; 15) 1.88 (0.53–3.8; 29) 1.55 (0.53–3; 19) 2.6 (1.2–3.8; 10) 0.96 (0.13–2.85; 99)
IgA serum, QIgA positives g/L 1.26 (1.08–1.45; 2) 1.1 (1.1–1.1; 1) 1.1 (1.1–1.1; 1) n.a. n.d.
  1. n.a. not applicable, n.d. no data
  2. Concentrations, ratios and fractions are reported as medians; range and total sample numbers examined are given in brackets
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