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Fig. 2 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 2

From: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma: potential molecular therapeutic target for HIV-1-associated brain inflammation

Fig. 2

PPARĪ³ agonists rosiglitazone and pioglitazone reverse HIV-1ADA gp120-mediated inflammatory responses in vitro. Primary cultures of mixed rat astrocytes and microglia were treated with PPARĪ³ agonists, rosiglitazone (1Ā Ī¼M) or pioglitazone (20Ā Ī¼M) or co-treated ļ»æwith ļ»æPPARĪ³ antagonist GW9662 (500nM)ļ»æ for 1Ā h prior to gp120 (5Ā nM) exposure for 3Ā h, and a TNF-Ī±, b IL-1Ī², and c iNOS mRNA levels were measured using qPCR. Cyclophilin BĀ was used as the housekeeping gene. Results are expressed as meanĀ Ā±Ā SEM relative to the DMSO (control) of at least 3 separate experiments. Asterisks and pound symbol represent data points significantly different from DMSO (control) and gp120 (vehicle) respectively (*pĀ <Ā 0.05, **pĀ <Ā 0.01, ***pĀ <Ā 0.001, ****pĀ <Ā 0.0001, #pĀ <Ā 0.05, ##pĀ <Ā 0.01) (aā€“c)

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