Fig. 1

Overview of the experimental design. Top panel in in vivo studies, pregnant C57 B6 mice were divided into the following groups: Control, NAC, BSO, EtOH, EtOH/NAC, and BSO/EtOH. For combined treatments, NAC or BSO was administered 1 h prior to ethanol exposure. Maternal and fetal brain samples were used for further experiments. Bottom panel In vitro model using EOC13.31 cells (microglia cell line) were classified similar to the above 6 groups. Microglia was exposed with NAC or BSO for 18 h followed by 6-h ethanol treatment. Live cells and cell lysates were processed further for analysis of oxidative stress, inflammatory, and morphological changes