Fig. 1

TNF treatment is required for Thy-1-induced focal adhesion formation and migration in primary astrocytes. a Representative images of focal adhesions (FA) in non-stimulated (NS) astrocytes or astrocytes exposed to serum (FBS) or Thy-1-Fc in the presence or absence of TNF. Trail-R2-Fc is used as a negative control. Magnification bar = 50 μm. b Quantification of the number of cells showing FA in primary astrocytes treated with TNF. Cells containing elongated FAs, which showed at least a 1.5-fold increase in the number of FAs compared to non-stimulated cells, were scored as cells with FAs [25]. FAs were observed in primary astrocytes treated with Thy-1 after TNF treatment, or with FBS. c Representative images of wound-healing assays in pseudocolor. Green cells: primary astrocyte cultures at 0 h. Red cells: primary astrocytes at 24 h after treatment. Magnification bar = 100 μm. d Wound-healing assay quantification in astrocytes treated with Trail-R2-Fc, Thy-1, or FBS for 24 h in the presence or absence of TNF. Thy-1 induces migration only in cells previously treated with TNF, whereas serum closes the wounded area in both conditions. Values shown in all graphs are the means ± s.e.m. from three independent experiments. *p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001