Fig. 11

Peripheral immune tolerance pre-treated PD rats were protected from intracranial LPS injection-induced neurodegeneration with increased dopaminergic neuronal survival in the SN. Rats from four groups with or without peripheral LPS pre-treatment were sacrificed, and then, brains were removed at 7, 14, and 28 days after striatal injection. The results implied that peripheral immune tolerance pre-treatment protected the PD rats from neuroinflammation-related neurodegeneration with increased dopaminergic neuronal survival. a Immunohistochemistry staining on frozen sections of TH in the four groups of our observation. Since the control group and the PBS (striatum) group were not statistically significant at each time point, we selected 7 days as a representative. Moreover, the difference had not been distinguished as early as 7 days, so the data of the PBS (i.p.) + LPS (striatum) group and the LPS (i.p.) + LPS (striatum) group at 7 days was not shown. b–d Total numbers of TH-positive neurons in the injected side of SN (right SN) collected by stereological counting (n = 3, each group). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. control group. #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 vs. PBS (i.p.) + LPS (striatum) group. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Scale bars, 250 μm (40×), 100 μm (100×), and 25 μm (200×)