Fig. 3

Pretreatment with acetylcholine but not donepezil suppressed the TNFα-induced intracellular Ca²⁺ elevation through the nicotinic α7 receptors in rodent microglial cells. a, b Five representative traces showing pretreatment with 10 μM acetylcholine (ACh) for 12 h suppressed the TNFα-induced intracellular Ca²⁺ elevation in rat HAPI microglial cells. In contrast, pretreatment with 10 μM ACh and 10 nM MLA, a selective inhibitor of α7nAChRs, did not suppress the TNFα-induced intracellular Ca²⁺ elevation in rat HAPI microglial cells. c Five representative traces showing pretreatment with 5 μM donepezil and 10 nM MLA suppressed the TNFα-induced intracellular Ca²⁺ elevation in rat HAPI microglial cells. In each panel, dotted line is the average trace of control. In each panel, bar graphs showing the effect of different manipulations on the amplitude of TNFα-induced increase in [Ca²⁺]i obtained 15 min after TNFα treatment in rat HAPI microglial cells (values are the mean + SEM). * < 0.05 vs control, NS > 0.01 vs control