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Table 1 Demographic and clinical laboratory characteristics

From: Mass-spectrometric profiling of cerebrospinal fluid reveals metabolite biomarkers for CNS involvement in varicella zoster virus reactivation

 

Control

(n = 15)

Bell’s

(n = 11)

Ent. men

(n = 10)

Z. segmental

(n = 14)

Z. facial

(n = 16)a

Z. men_enc

(n = 15)b

P valuec

(all patient groups)

P valuec

(VZV-positive subgroups only)

Demographic

 Sex [%]

  Female

47

55

40

57

56

40

0.89d

0.57d

  Male

53

45

60

43

44

60

  

 Age [years]

  Median (range)

64 (36–91)

45 (22–83)

32.5 (22–76)

60 (49–79)

64.5 (20–89)

55 (13–80)

0.036

0.634

  Mean (SD)

64 (17)

46 (20)

41 (19)

61 (10)

59 (22)

53 (21)

  

Blood parameter

 Leukocyte count [1000/μL]

  Median (range)

6.7 (1.0–11.5)

8.3 (4.6–11.9)

7.3 (4.0–14.0)

5.9 (2.4–9.0)

6.7 (4.1–13.2)

6.9 (3.8–13.6)

0.60

0.51

  Mean (SD)

6.8 (2.6)

8.2 (2.3)

7.5 (3.0)

6.1 (2.1)

7.2 (2.3)

7.8 (3.3)

  

 C-reactive protein [mg/L]

  Median (range)

2.5 (1–29)

3 (1–31)

4 (1–39)

2 (1–15)

2.5 (1–18)

2 (1–128)

0.78

0.88

  Mean (SD)

5.9 (9.2)

6.3 (9.6)

9.3 (12.3)

4.5 (4.4)

4.4 (5.0)

13.6 (32.3)

  

CSF parameter

 Leukocyte count [1/μL]

  Median (range)

1 (0–11)

2 (0–5)

9 (1–619)

2 (0–18)

17 (1–800)

38 (2–1536)

4.0E−06

7.0E−04

  Mean (SD)

1.9 (2.8)

2.1 (1.5)

129 (235)

3.3 (4.5)

156 (272)

200 (400)

  

 Protein concentration [mg/L]

  Median (range)

385 (255–656)

490.5 (309–829)

518 (240–976)

554.5 (273–880)

503 (270–1485)

649 (313–2048)

0.086

0.29

  Mean (SD)

435 (134)

497 (156)

569 (205)

533 (139)

641 (342)

823 (486)

  

 IgG index

  Median (range)

0.51 (0.47–0.60)

0.47 (0.41–0.59)

0.53 (0.47–0.63)

0.54 (0.43–0.77)

0.54 (0.43–0.86)

0.55 (0.50–1.16)

0.011

0.65

  Mean (SD)

0.53 (0.05)

0.48 (0.05)

0.54 (0.05)

0.56 (0.08)

0.57 (0.12)

0.63 (0.18)

  

 Lactate [mmol/L]

  Median (range)

1.64 (1.21–2.50)

1.57 (1.24–2.22)

1.88 (1.55–3.55)

1.78 (1.42–2.08)

1.87 (1.44–4.24)

2.73 (1.49–5.50)

8.5E−04

0.006

  Mean (SD)

1.70 (0.30)

1.65 (0.34)

2.09 (0.62)

1.76 (0.18)

2.07 (0.67)

2.81 (1.18)

  

 Blood-CSF-barrier disruption [%]e

  No disruption

60

55

20

54

50

21

f

f

  Light

40

45

70

39

31

36

  

  Moderate

0

0

10

7.7

19

29

  

  Severe

0

0

0

0

0

14

  
  1. Bell’s Bell’s palsy, Ent. men enteroviral meningitis, men_enc meningoencephalitis, Z. zoster
  2. aThis group comprised ten patients treated with steroids (1 mg/kg body weight per day) after CSF was obtained
  3. bThis group comprised five patients with meningitis, nine with encephalitis, and one with myelitis; these subgroups did not differ among each other in terms of the parameters in this table. Clinical complications included new cranial nerve paralysis and severe organic brain syndrome (n = 2 each). One patient received immunosuppressive medications at the time of lumbar puncture
  4. cCalculated by Kruskal-Wallis test unless stated otherwise. Italic numbers: P ≤ 0.05, P values were not corrected for multiple-hypothesis testing
  5. dCalculated by chi-square test
  6. ePatient-adjusted Q-albumin reference value = 4 + (age/15). No disruption ≤ reference value, light ≤ 15, moderate ≤ 25, severe > 25
  7. fDifference was significant only for Z. men_enc vs. control (P = 0.028, Fisher’s exact test)
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Journal of Neuroinflammation

ISSN: 1742-2094