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Fig. 2 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 2

From: The role of the complement system in traumatic brain injury: a review

Fig. 2

Illustration of the different mechanisms regulating the complement cascade. a DAF accelerates the decay of cell surface-assembled classical and alternative pathway C3 and C5 convertases. b CD59 inhibits MAC formation. c fH accelerates the breakdown of membrane-bound C3b. d fI, in concert with MCP, which irreversibly cleaves C3b to iC3b, thereby inactivating it. e C1 inhibitor is a protease that inactivates C1r, C1s and mannose-binding lectin-associated serine proteases (MASPs), which irreversibly prevents reformation of the classical and MBL pathways initiating complexes. Adapted from Mathern and Heeger, 2015 [28]

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