Fig. 5

Type I IFN treatment can partly compensate for lack of viperin in astrocytes but not in neurons. Primary WT and viperin^−/− mice astrocytes (a) and cortical neurons (b) and granule cell neurons (GCN, c) were infected with TBEV (MOI, 0.1), and viral growth was determined at indicated time points. Sixteen hours before infection, astrocytes and cortical neurons were treated with 5000 U/ml IFNαB/D and virus titers were determined by focus-forming assay at the indicated time points. d Primary cortical neurons isolated from WT and viperin^−/− mice were treated with 10 μg/mL IFNAR-blocking antibodies or isotype control for 2 h, infected with TBEV (MOI, 0.1), and viral growth was determined by focus-forming assay at indicated time points. Statistical significance was calculated using unpaired t test, significance is indicated by asterisks (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01). The results are cumulative of at least two independent experiments performed in triplicates