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Fig. 2 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 2

From: HIV-1 Tat-induced diarrhea is improved by the PPARalpha agonist, palmitoylethanolamide, by suppressing the activation of enteric glia

Fig. 2

HIV-1 Tat administration increases endogenous PEA levels in submucosal plexi EGCs. As a consequence of HIV-1 Tat intracolonic administration, a marked increase of PEA produced in rat submucosal plexi was observed in comparison with vehicle group. Lidocaine (0.03% w/v) counteracted this HIV-1 Tat-induced effect, while bisacodyl treatment did not induce any significant changes in PEA levels. The results are expressed as mean ± SEM of n = 5 experiments. **p < 0.01 vs. vehicle group; °°p < 0.01 vs. HIV-1 Tat group

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