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Fig. 10 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 10

From: Roles of astrocytic connexin-43, hemichannels, and gap junctions in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion injury induced neuroinflammation and the possible regulatory mechanisms of salvianolic acid B and carbenoxolone

Fig. 10

Flow cytometry-based evaluation of microglial subtype polarization and concentrations of M1-related pro-inflammatory and M2-related anti-inflammatory cytokines in cultured microglia supernatants. a1, a2 We used flow cytometry to evaluate the expression levels of CD40 and CD206, the markers for the M1 and M2 phenotypes, respectively. OGD/R injury or ATP application under normal conditions increased the percentage of CD40+CD11b+ microglia while decreased the percentage of CD206+CD11b+ microglia. Effect of ACM on microglial polarization was also detected. ACM from OGD/R group significantly increased percentage of CD40+CD11b+ microglia, while decreased percentage of CD206+CD11b+ microglia; OGD/R + Gap19 or OGD/R + Gap26 treatment decreased percentage of CD40+CD11b+ microglia, while enhanced percentage of CD206+CD11b+ microglia; Further, OGD/R-ACM incubated with apyrase decreased percentage of CD40+CD11b+ microglial cells, while OGD/R + Gap19-ACM containing ATP-enhanced percentage of M1 subtype microglia; b(1-3), c(1-2) M1- or M2-related cytokines were evaluated by flow cytometry with CBA kits. We evaluated the statistical significance with ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple comparisons test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001

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Journal of Neuroinflammation

ISSN: 1742-2094