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Fig. 9 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 9

From: Roles of astrocytic connexin-43, hemichannels, and gap junctions in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion injury induced neuroinflammation and the possible regulatory mechanisms of salvianolic acid B and carbenoxolone

Fig. 9

Morphological evaluation of microglia. We separated microglia with a rotary shaker set at 200 rpm for 1 h. a1–a9 Both ATP application or OGD/R injury induced significant microglial activation, as indicated by microglial proliferation and morphological alterations characterized by enlarged, amoeboid somata with short and rare ramifications. Further, microglial activation was strengthened by “reperfusion” with ACM from OGD/R group astrocytes, but this effect was reversed when the ACM came from OGD/R + Gap19 or OGD/R + Gap26 group astrocytes; Further, OGD/R-ACM incubated with apyrase decreased percentage of activated microglial cells, while OGD/R-Gap19-ACM containing ATP-enhanced microglial activation. Grouped cells’ count data are shown in b. We evaluated the statistical significance with ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple comparisons test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001. Scale bar = 50 μm

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Journal of Neuroinflammation

ISSN: 1742-2094