Fig. 3

Astrocyte-exposed B cells enhance CD4+ T-cell responses. Human B cells were cultured in transwell as described above, either alone or with stimulated or unstimulated astrocytes. Following 2 days in culture, B cells were harvested, thoroughly washed and co-cultured with human T cells from allogeneic donors for 6 days at a B cell:T cell ratio of 1:4. T cell proliferation was assessed by flow cytometry using CFSE staining. a Representative data from a single donor. b Each line/symbol represents data from n = 10 independent experiments using different donors. (paired t test; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001)