Fig. 5

NLRP3 priming was necessary in isoflurane-induced IL-1β production. BV-2 cells primed with or without 1 μg/mL LPS were exposed to 4% isoflurane for 6 h. Primary microglial cultures primed with or without 5 ng/mL LPS were exposed to 2% isoflurane for 6 h. Control = blank control; ISO = isoflurane exposure; NLRP3-primed = LPS stimulation; NLRP3-primed + ISO = NLRP3-primed + isoflurane exposure. a The mRNA of NLRP3 in BV-2 cells. Values are expressed as fold changes over the mean values of blank control and are presented as mean ± SD (n = 6). b IL-1β concentration in the supernatant of BV-2 cells. c Viability of NLRP3-primed cells at 0 and 12 h after isoflurane exposure. Values are expressed as fold changes over the mean values of NLRP3-primed cells and are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3). d The mRNA of NLRP3 in primary microglial cultures. Values are expressed as fold changes over the mean values of blank control and are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3). e IL-1β concentration in the supernatant of primary microglial cultures. Values are expressed as fold changes over the mean values of control and are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3). *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 compared with the corresponding data of group control. #P < 0.05 and ##P < 0.01 compared with the corresponding data of group NLRP3-primed cells