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Fig. 3 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 3

From: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid attenuates the inflammatory response by modulating microglia polarization through SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of the HMGB1/NF-κB pathway following experimental traumatic brain injury

Fig. 3

ω-3 PUFA supplementation promotes microglia polarization toward M2 and alleviatesmicroglial-mediated inflammatory responses. a, b Double staining was used to assess microglia (Iba1+) and a M1-associated marker (CD16+) or a M2-associated marker (CD206+) in the lesioned cortex 3 days after TBI. CD16+-positive microglia increased after TBI but significantly decreased following ω-3 PUFA supplementation, whereas CD206+-positive microglia increased following ω-3 PUFA supplementation. Representative photomicrographs of CD16- or CD206-positive microglias are shown. c Western blot analysis showed that CD16 was significantly inhibited, but CD206 was significantly increased after ω-3 PUFA supplementation. d ω-3 PUFA supplementation significantly decreased TBI-induced enhancement of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and HMGB1, while increased the expression of anti-inflammatory IL-10 (p < 0.05). Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 6 per group). N.S., p > 0.05, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. Scale bars = 50 μm

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