Fig. 6From: IL-33/ST2 plays a critical role in endothelial cell activation and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation modulationIL-33 promotes LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production by microglia. Primary microglia from WT mice were stimulated with LPS (100 ng/ml), IL-33 (50 ng/ml), or LPS (100 ng/ml) plus IL-33 (50 ng/ml), and after 4 h, the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α (a) and IL-6 (b) in cell supernatants were measured by ELISA. Murine microglial BV2 cells were stimulated with LPS (100 ng/ml), IL-33 (50 ng/ml), or LPS (100 ng/ml) plus IL-33 (50 ng/ml) for 4 h, and the levels of TNF-α (c) and IL-6 (d) in supernatants were detected by ELISA. Primary microglia isolated from WT and ST2−/− mice were stimulated with combined LPS (100 ng/ml) and IL-33 (50 ng/ml) for 4 h, and the levels of the TNF-α (e) and IL-6 (f) were detected in supernatants by ELISA. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM (n = 4 for all groups). **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001Back to article page