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Fig. 2 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 2

From: A potential gliovascular mechanism for microglial activation: differential phenotypic switching of microglia by endothelium versus astrocytes

Fig. 2

Oxygen-glucose-deprived endothelium and astrocyte activated microglia into different phenotypes. a Cell surface markers of microglia were detected by flow cytometry. Expression levels of CD45, CD86, and MHC II were significantly elevated in endo-CM-treated microglia. In contrast, no changes in these cell surface markers were detected in astro-CM-treated microglia. Data were expressed as mean ± SD. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 compared to the control (one-way ANOVA). n = 3 independent experiments. b Microglial activation markers (iNOS, CD86, CD206, and arginase 1) were measured with real-time PCR. Endo-CM significantly increased microglial expression of iNOS. CD86 was upregulated in endothelial-activated microglia, whereas CD206 was upregulated in astrocyte-activated microglia. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM. n = 3 independent experiments

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