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Fig. 1 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 1

From: Dual modulation on glial cells by tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside protects against dopamine neuronal loss

Fig. 1

TSG produced neuroprotection against LPS-induced DA neurotoxicity. Rat primary midbrain neuron-glia cultures were treated with TSG (20–80 μM) for 30 min before LPS (10 ng/ml) application. Seven days later, LPS-elicited DA neurotoxicity was quantified by [3H] DA uptake assay (a), the two-way ANOVA interactions analysis between LPS and TSG treatments showed F = 0.48 and P = 0.508) and TH-positive neuron counting through the immunocytochemical analysis (b), the two-way ANOVA interactions analysis showed F = 0.036 and P = 0.853). Representative images of immunostaining from three experiments were indicated (c). Scale bar = 200 μm. The protein levels of TH and α-synuclein were determined by western blotting. The ratio of densitometry values of TH and α-synuclein with β-actin was assessed and normalized to each respective control group (d), TH: the two-way ANOVA interactions analysis of showed F = 0.097 and P = 0.764; α-synuclein: the two-way ANOVA interactions analysis of showed F = 1.602 and P = 0.232). Data were the mean ± SEM from three independent experiments performed in triplicate. #P < 0.05 compared with control cultures; *P < 0.05 compared with LPS-treated cultures

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