Fig. 2

Microglia and astroglia were indispensable for TSG neuroprotection. Four types of primary cultures were treated with TSG (80 μM) for 30 min followed by MPP⁺ (0.5 μM) addition. Seven days later, the DA neurotoxicity was measured by TH-positive neuron counting. Data were the mean ± SEM from three independent experiments performed in triplicate (Neuron-glia cultures: the two-way ANOVA interactions analysis of showed F = 0.270 and P = 0.617; Neuron-enriched cultures: the two-way ANOVA interactions analysis of showed F = 0.610 and P = 0.457; Neuron-microglia cultures: the two-way ANOVA interactions analysis of showed F = 3.043 and P = 0.119; Neuron-astroglia cultures: the two-way ANOVA interactions analysis of showed F = 0.033 and P = 0.861). Scale bar = 200 μm. ^#P < 0.05 compared with control cultures; *P < 0.05 compared with MPP⁺-treated cultures