Fig. 5

In utero electroporation induces cell death in the developing hypothalamus but not the cortex. Expression of GFP and/or active cleaved caspase 3 (CC3) in E15.5 wild-type (a–a”, d–d”) and pCIG2 IUE (E14.5) brains (b–b”, e–e”) highlights the increase in cell death in the hypothalamus of IUE brains (e–e”). Cortex (a–b”) and hypothalamus (d–e”). 3V, third ventricle. Dashed lines outline the ventricles and mark the division between the thalamus and hypothalamus. Yellow arrowheads mark CC3+ cells. Scale bar represents 250 μm (a–e”). c Quantification of CC3+ cells in the cortex does not show a significant increase in the number of CC3+ cells in IUE brains as compared to wild-type brains (mean ± S.E.M; wild-type n = 3, IUE n = 3; p = 0.2420). f Quantification of CC3+ cells in the hypothalamus shows an increase in the number of CC3+ cells in IUE brains as compared to wild-type brains (mean ± S.E.M; wild-type n = 3, IUE n = 3; p = 0.0281). g GFP+/CC3+ double-positive hypothalamic radial glia. h Sox9+/CC3+ double-positive hypothalamic cell. i NeuN+/CC3+ double-positive hypothalamic neuron. While arrowheads mark CC3+ cells