Fig. 5

HSP60 induces mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress. a Mitochondrial damage was assessed in N9 cells using FACS by the quantification of mitochondrial membrane potential using Rhodamine 123 dye (upper panel). Histograms show the effect of IL-1β (i), effect of HSP60 overexpression (ii), and HSP60 knockdown (iii) on mitochondrial membrane potential. b ROS generation in N9 microglial cells was assessed by FACS using DCFDA (lower panel). Histograms in the lower panel show the effect of IL-1β (i), effect of HSP60 overexpression (ii), and HSP60 knockdown (iii) on ROS generation by microglia. Data show that HSP60 knockdown lead to significant reduction in mitochondrial depolarization and ROS generation by microglia (p < 0.01). For FACS analysis, each experiment was performed in triplicates. Results are representative of three independent experiments