Fig. 2

Functional changes in polarized microglia. * p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 compared to control; ^##p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.001 compared to different experimental group as marked by horizontal bar. OD optical density. a Left panel: representative immunocytochemical images of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation: BrdU (green) identifies proliferating cells, Hoechst for nuclear counterstain (blue); scale bar = 50 μm. Right panel: proliferation rate of microglia after treatment with LPS (10 ng/ml) or IL4 (50 ng/ml) as measured by BrdU incorporation (n = 3; H(2) = 66.774, p < 0.001). b Migration of microglia in the Boyden chamber assay (n = 4, F (2, 33) = 6.244, p < 0.01, ω = 0.475). Data were blank corrected. c Phagocytic activity of microglia (n = 5, H(2) = 24.303, p < 0.001). Data were blank corrected and normalized to control