Fig. 4

Ibrutinib modulates TLR4 to alter LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine levels. a BV2 microglial cells were pretreated with TAK-242 (a TLR4 receptor inhibitor, 500 nM) or vehicle (1% DMSO) for 30 min, followed by treatment with ibrutinib (1 μM) or vehicle (1% DMSO) for 30 min, and finally LPS (1 μg/ml) or PBS for 5 h. The mRNA levels of IL-1β and COX-2 were measured by RT-PCR. b, c Quantification of the data shown in a (COX-2: con, n = 14; LPS, n = 14; ibrutinib+LPS, n = 14; TAK-242+LPS, n = 14; TAK-242+ibrutinib+LPS, n = 14; and IL-1β: con, n = 8; LPS, n = 8; ibrutinib+LPS, n = 8; TAK-242 + LPS, n = 8; TAK-242+ibrutinib+LPS, n = 8)