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Fig. 2 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 2

From: The small molecule CA140 inhibits the neuroinflammatory response in wild-type mice and a mouse model of AD

Fig. 2

Pretreatment with LPS followed by CA140 treatment decreased LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine levels. a–g BV2 microglial cells were pretreated with LPS (1 μg/mL) or PBS for 30 min, followed by treatment with vehicle (1% DMSO) or CA140 (10 μM) for 5.5 h. Total RNA was then isolated, and proinflammatory cytokine levels were measured by RT-PCR (COX-2: con, n = 17; LPS, n = 17; LPS + CA140, n = 17; IL-1β: con, n = 8; LPS, n = 8; LPS + CA140, n = 8; IL-6, IL-10, iNOS, and TNF-alpha: con, n = 4; LPS, n = 4; LPS + CA140, n = 4). h, j BV2 microglial cells were pretreated with LPS (1 μg/mL) or PBS for 30 min, followed by treatment with vehicle (1% DMSO) or CA140 (10 μM) for 5.5 h and immunostaining with anti-CD11b and anti-COX-2 antibodies (con, n = 74; LPS, n = 78; LPS + CA140, n = 84). i, k BV2 microglial cells were pretreated with LPS (1 μg/mL) or PBS for 30 min, followed by treatment with vehicle (1% DMSO) or CA140 (10 μM) for 5.5 h and immunostaining with anti-CD11b and anti-IL-1β antibodies (con, n = 314; LPS, n = 268; LPS + CA140, n = 234). l BV2 microglial cells were pretreated with LPS (100 ng/mL) or PBS for 30 min, followed by treatment with vehicle (1% DMSO) or CA140 (10 μM) for 23.5 h and measurement of IL-1β levels using IL-1β ELISA (con, n = 8; LPS, n = 8; LPS + CA140, n = 8). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001, ***p < 0.0001

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