Demonstrated beneficial effects | Reference |
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General neuroprotective effects demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo in: | |
 E18 Sprague–Dawley rat hippocampal cell culture model of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) neurotoxicity | [187] |
 HT-22 mouse hippocampal cell line model of glutamate and amyloid-β neurotoxicity | [188] |
 E18 Sprague–Dawley rat cerebral cortical cell culture anoxia model | [189] |
 Mouse hippocampal neurodegeneration model | [190] |
 Rats with induced forebrain ischemia model | [191] |
 Rat hippocampal slice culture ischemia model | [192] |
 Primary rat cerebellar granule cell anoxic and glucose deprivation model | [193] |
 Mouse spinal cord ischemic injury model | [194] |
 Rat inflammatory neurodegeneration model | [195] |
 P19 neuronal NMDA-induced excitotoxicity cell line model | [87] |
 Aged rat brain model | [196] |
 Rat Corpus striatum (CS) and the nucleus accumbens (NAc) model of assessing effects of DHEA on monoamine oxidase (MOA) activity | [197] |
 Human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line model assessing the effects of neurosteroids on mitochondrial bioenergetics | [198] |
 Rat brain 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) induced neurotoxicity model | [199] |
 Transient brain ischemic mouse model | [200] |
 Primary male and female mouse cultured hippocampal neurons, as well as human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line glucose deprivation model | [201] |
Anti-apoptotic effects demonstrated in vitro in: | |
 Undifferentiated P19 neuronal cell line model of NMDA-induced apoptosis | [202] |
 PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cell line model of serum deprivation-induced apoptosis in adrenal medulla cells | [203] |
 Primary rat embryonic cultured neural precursor cell model investigating the effect of DHEA and DHEAS on Akt phosphorylation | [204] |
 Primary rat cerebellar granule cell model of hypoxia and glucose deprivation | [205] |
Anti-glucocorticoid effects demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo in: | |
 Primary rat embryonic hippocampal neurons exposed to neurotoxic doses of corticosterone | [206] |
 HT-22mouse hippocampal cell line model of glutamate and amyloid-β-induced neurotoxicity | [188] |
 Mitigating effects on corticosterone-induced suppression of neurogenesis and survival of new neurons in dentate gyri (hippocampi) of Lister Hooded Rats | [207] |
 Inhibitory effects of DHEA on glucocorticoid amplification in 3 T3-L1 adipocyte cell line and C57BL/6J mouse white adipose and liver tissue | [208] |
 Inhibition of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11β-HSD1) mediated conversion of cortisol by DHEA metabolites in human skin samples | [209] |
 Suppression of 11β-HSD1 mRNA in HEK-293 rat cortical collecting duct cell line, as well as kidneys of C57BL/6J mice and Sprague–Dawley rats | [210] |