Fig. 1

Diet-induced weight gain and STZ-induced hyperglycemia after 9 weeks. Male C57BL/6 J mice (5–6-week-old) were treated IP with either citrate vehicle (CIT) or streptozotocin (STZ; 55 mg/kg) 3, 5 and 7 days prior to commencement of a control diet (CON; 16% kilojoules from lipids) or high-fat diet (HFD; 44% kilojoules from lipids) for 9 weeks. a Mice were weighed every 3–4 days, and percentage change in body mass compared to baseline following the high-fat diet (HFD), control diet (CON) and STZ treatment was calculated at the end of each week. b Corresponding percentage weight gain as the area under the curve (AUC). c Percentage of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) from heparanised whole blood was measured as an indicator of hyperglycemia at the endpoint. d Plasma levels of insulin at the endpoint. e Following a 3 h fast, blood glucose measurements of the vehicle and STZ-induced mice were assessed via tail tip vein collection (time zero) and then administered 0.8 mg/g glucose solution for IP glucose tolerance test (GTT). Blood samples were collected from the tail tip vein at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min after glucose challenge. f Corresponding AUC of the IP GTT. Data are shown as mean ± S.E.M. of a and b, n = 39–40; c, n = 19–20; d, n = 8–10; e and f, n = 3–5 per group. Data in c and d analysed by Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s, b and f by one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001 vs CIT + CON control group