Fig. 4

Alemtuzumab treatment restores CD19⁺CD24^hiCD38^hi cells. In order to evaluate the B cell subset distribution post-alemtuzuamb, thawed PBMCs of alemtuzumab-treated patients (n = 11) were evaluated up to 12 months after induction. a Representative flow-cytometry dot plot of CD24 and CD38 in total CD19⁺ B cells. b. Cumulative data for the frequency of CD19⁺CD24^hiCD38^hi B cells. The frequency of CD19⁺CD24^hiCD38^hi cells were significantly increased at 6 M and 9 M compared to pre-treatment level (6 M vs 0 M: p = 0.0004, 9 M vs 0 M: p = 0.0079). At 9 M, the frequency of CD19⁺CD24^hiCD38^hi cells started to decrease and by 12 M, the frequency was reduced compared to 6 M, although it was significantly increased than baseline level (12 M vs 0 M: p = 0.0257). c The absolute number was significantly increased at 6 M and 9 M post-alemtuzumab (6 M vs 0 M: p = 0.0063, 9 M vs 0 M: p = 0.02). All values show mean ± SEM. Data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison post-hoc analysis. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001