Fig. 1
From: Glial-neuronal signaling mechanisms underlying the neuroinflammatory effects of manganese
Manganese-induced expression of neuroinflammatory genes in mixed glial cultures and in purified cultures of astrocytes and microglia. Inflammatory gene expression exhibited an overall dose-dependent increase in a mixed glia and b pure astrocytes and both dose-dependent increases in some genes and decreases in astrocyte-specific C3, Ccl2, and Ccr2 in c pure microglia. One-way ANOVA analyses performed. Data depicted as ± S.E.M. *P< 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001 (n ≥ 4 per treatment group; across ≥ 3 independent experiments)