Fig. 6

Intra-vlPAG administration of L-α-aminoadipate or BAY11-7082 reverses BCP-induced upregulation of CXCL1 protein. a–c Confocal images showed inhibitory effect of LAA on induction of astrocytic marker GFAP (red) in vlPAG after BCP. d Mean red immunofluorescence intensity of GFAP of (a) among sham, BCP, and BCP + LAA group. For control experiments, saline was used. LAA (100 nmol/0.5 μl) or saline (0.5 μl) was given once a day on POD 6, 7, 8, and 9, respectively. Tissues were collected 1 h after the last micro-injection (n = 4 in each group). ***p < 0.001, versus sham + saline. ^##p < 0.01 versus BCP + saline. e Western blot and data summary showed the inhibitory effects of LAA on BCP-induced increased expression of CXCL1 protein (n = 4 in each group). ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01 versus sham + saline. ^##p < 0.01 versus BCP + saline. f Western blot and data summary showed the inhibitory effects of BAY on BCP-induced increased expression of CXCL1 protein (n = 4 in each group). BAY (10 μg/0.5 μl,) or PBS (for control, 0.5 μl) was given once a day on POD 6, 7, 8, and 9, respectively. Tissues were collected 1 h after the last micro-injection. ***p < 0.001 versus sham + PBS. ^##p < 0.01 versus BCP + PBS. Aq, aqueduct. LAA, L-α-aminoadipate. BAY, BAY11-7082