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Fig. 6 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 6

From: Murine astrocytes produce IL-24 and are susceptible to the immunosuppressive effects of this cytokine

Fig. 6

IL-24 increases the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and neuroprotective factors by primary murine astrocytes. a Astrocytes were untreated or treated with recombinant IL-24 (10, 30, or 100 ng/ml) for 4 h prior to N. meningitidis infection (Nm; MOI of 10:1 bacteria to each astrocyte) or vehicle control. At 24 or 48 h postinfection, IL-10 protein release was assessed by specific capture ELISA. Asterisks and dagger indicate a statistically significant difference from uninfected cells and similarly challenged cells in the absence of IL-24, respectively (n = 3; p < 0.05). b Astrocytes were untreated or treated with recombinant IL-24 (10, 30, or 100 ng/mL) for 2 or 4 h, and mRNA expression of GLT-1 was determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Expression of the housekeeping gene product GAPDH is shown, and relative GLT-1 expression was determined by densitometric analysis and normalized to untreated cells. Data is expressed as the mean ± the SEM of three independent experiments, and an asterisk indicates a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) from unchallenged cells at each time point. c Astrocytes were untreated or treated with recombinant IL-24 (10, 30, or 100 ng/mL) for 2 h and mRNA expression of COX2 was determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Data is expressed as the mean ± the SEM of three independent experiments, and an asterisk indicates a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) from unchallenged cells

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