Fig. 2

Diabetes promotes CD147 glycosylation and MMPs induction in astrocytes and endothelium. At 72 h after MCAO, brain tissues from ischemic hemispheres were resected and crushed into homogenate. a Immunoblot result of ischemic brain tissue homogenate. The protein amounts were densitometrically quantified and normalized to β-actin amount. The expression of both CD147, especially the highly glycosylated form (b), and caveolin-1 (c) were upregulated by rt-PA and diabetes. The homogenates were also analyzed for MMP-9/2 activities (d, e). Data expressed as mean ± SEM and analyzed by two-way ANOVA. Asterisk (*) denotes comparison with non-diabetes + saline-treated group, pound (#) with non-diabetes + rt-PA-treated group, and section sign symbol (§) with diabetes + saline-treated group. One asterisk (*) represents P < 0.05, two (**) P < 0.01, and three (***) P < 0.001. f Representative immunofluorescence imaging of location of CD147 and caveolin-1 (red color represents for target proteins CD147 or caveolin-1; green color represents for cell markers, GFAP for astrocyte, NeuN for neuron and CD31 for endothelial cell). Abbreviations: rt-PA for recombinant tissue plasminogen activator; MCAO for middle cerebral artery occlusion; MMP for matrix metalloproteinase