Skip to main content
Fig. 5 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 5

From: HIV-1 Tat enhances purinergic P2Y4 receptor signaling to mediate inflammatory cytokine production and neuronal damage via PI3K/Akt and ERK MAPK pathways

Fig. 5

P2Y4R knockdown signaling displays neuroprotective effects against Tat. a Primary mouse astrocytes were transduced with sh-Ctrl and sh-P2Y4R3 for 48 h, followed by Tat stimulus for 24 h. Cell supernatants were collected as astrocyte-derived conditioned media (ACM) and added into HT-22 cells to incubate for 24 h. Representative apoptotic cells were determined by TUNEL staining in HT-22 cells through incubating in ACM for 24 h. Red color as apoptosis positive; blue color of DAPI as nucleus location. b Quantification of apoptosis positive cells a was calculated through answering for percent of total DAPI positive cells. The data are from three independent experiments. The data are represented as the mean ± S.E.M. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01. c Relative cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay in HT-22 cells treated with CAM for 24 h and 48 h (n = 5). The experiment was independently repeated three times. The data are represented as the mean ± S.E.M. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 versus NC with sh-Ctrl; #P < 0.05 and ##P < 0.01 versus Tat with sh-P2Y4R3

Back to article page