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Fig. 3 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 3

From: Ultrastructural evidence of microglial heterogeneity in Alzheimer’s disease amyloid pathology

Fig. 3

Distinct alterations in microglial interaction with the neuropil, including synaptic structures, in APPSwe-PS1Δe9 animals. a EM image of an IBA1-positive microglial cell body in the ventral hippocampus CA1 of a WT control making numerous contacts with extracellular space pockets containing debris. b EM image of an IBA1-positive microglial cell body in a section containing dystrophy, making contact with extracellular space pockets and an axon terminal. A non-empty phagocytic inclusion is pseudocolored in green. c An IBA1-positive microglial process makes contacts with extracellular space pockets containing debris, as well as various dendrites and axon terminals. d IBA1-positive microglial process encircling degraded elements in the APP-H subregion. e, f IBA1-positive microglial processes encircling synapses between axon terminals and dendritic spines in APP-H and APP-D subregions. d dendrite, De degraded element, Ex extracellular space pocket containing debris, m microglia, s dendritic spine, t axon terminal. g Microglial cell bodies interact less with extracellular debris in APPSwe-PS1Δe9 mice. h Microglial cell bodies in APP-H regions interact less with extracellular debris than those in APP-D regions in APPSwe-PS1Δe9 mice. i Microglial processes in APPSwe-PS1Δe9 mice interact less with extracellular debris than WT processes. jl Processes in APPSwe-PS1Δe9 mice encircle more synaptic elements (j) including (k) axon terminals, and (l) dendritic spines. m Processes in APP-P associated regions encircle fewer synaptic elements than processes in APP-H subregion. n Only microglial processes in APP-P subregion encircle Aβ (mean ± SEM). WT levels are shown on the subregion graphs by a gray horizontal line. n = 50 processes per condition for APP-H, APP-D, and APP-P and 70 processes per animal for WT animals, n = 7–15 cells per condition for all conditions, and data was collected from N = 3–4 animals per condition. * denotes difference from WT, ~ denotes difference from APP-H, # denotes difference from APP-P *,~,#p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001

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