Table 3 Clinical trial of targeting directly/indirectly the NLRP3 inflammasome in stroke and diabetes
From: NLRP3 inflammasome as a potential treatment in ischemic stroke concomitant with diabetes
| Â | Target | Drug regimen | Main finding | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Stroke patients | IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) (anakinra) | 100 mg twice daily for 3 day in patients presenting within 5 hours of the ischemic stroke onset | Reduction of plasma IL-6 and plasma CRP for the first 3 days | [98] |
IL-1beta antibody (canakinumab) | A dose of 150 mg every 3 months | Lower rate of recurrent cardiovascular events | ||
NLRP3 inhibitor drugs (atorvastatin) | 80 mg/day | Lower plasma levels of IL-1β, CRP, TNF-a, and other immune-inflammatory markers at 72 h and 7 days after stroke | [101] | |
Diabetic patients | IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) (anakinra) | Lasting a 52-week treatment | Improvement of the fasting ratio of proinsulin to insulin (PI/I); reduction of plasma IL-6 and CRP | [69] |
IL-1beta antibody (canakinumab) | Canakinumab 150 mg | Improving ISR relative to glucose 0–0.5 h in patients treated with insulin | [102] | |
IL-1beta antibody (LY2189102) | LY2189102 (0.6, 18, and 180 mg) administered weekly for 12 weeks | Reduction of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting and postprandial glucose, hs-CRP, and IL-6 | [103] |