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Fig. 4 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 4

From: Reactive microglia and IL1β/IL-1R1-signaling mediate neuroprotection in excitotoxin-damaged mouse retina

Fig. 4

Expression of inflammatory cytokines and IL1-receptor-related genes in retinal cells following NMDA-treatment. scRNA-seq was used to identify patterns of expression of IL1β-related genes among acutely dissociated retinal cells. Each dot represents one cell. Cells were sampled from control retinas (rep1 5300 cells and rep2 12,932 cells), and from retinas at 3 h (8518 cells), 6 h (8000 cells), 12 h (4307 cells), 24 h (4270 cells), 36 h (1618 cells), 48 h (2246 cells), and 72 h (2269 cells) after NMDA-treatment (a). tSNE plots revealed distinct clustering of different types of retinal cells and numbers of cells surveyed (in parentheses) (b). Müller glia were identified based on significant (≥ 8-fold; purple dots) collective expression of Lhx2, Sox9, Rlbp1, or Slc1a3 (c). Microglia were identified based on collective expression of Rgs1, Trem2, Ccl3, Ccl4, C1qa, C1qb, and C1qc (d). e t-SNE plot for expression (≥ 2-fold; purple dots) of Csf1r, the target of PLX5622, which was detected only in microglia. f t-SNE plot for the collective expression (≥ 2-fold; purple dots) of components of IL1-receptor signaling, Irak1, Irak2, Irak4, IL1rap, and Myd88. g t-SNE plot for the collective expression of IL1α, IL1β, and TNFα. Violin/scatter plots of IL1α, IL1β, and TNFα in microglia at different times after NMDA-treatment (h). i t-SNE plot for expression (≥ 2-fold) of Tnfsfr1a in endothelial cells, astrocytes, OFF bipolar cells, and Müller glia. j Violin/scatter plots of Tnfsfr1a in microglia, endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, and Müller glia at different times after NMDA-treatment. k t-SNE plot for expression (≥ 2-fold) of Il1r1 in endothelial cells, astrocytes, OFF bipolar cells, and Müller glia. l Violin/scatter plots of Il1r1 in microglia, endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, and Müller glia at different times after NMDA-treatment

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