Fig. 5

Decreased resting microglia and increased lymphocytes in IL-10 KO mice brains. Within the brain the frequency of activated (CD11b⁺CD45^hi) microglia/macrophages was significantly decreased after E2 treatment in both WT (p < 0.01) and IL-10 KO (p < 0.05) mice compared to sham-treated mice (a). E2 treatment significantly increased the frequency of resting (CD11b⁺CD45^lo) microglia in WT (p < 0.001) and IL-10 KO (p < 0.05) compared to sham-treated mice. IL-10 KO mice treated with E2 also had a significantly decreased frequency of resting microglia compared to WT E2 mice (p < 0.05; b). In WT mice (n = 8), E2 treatment significantly decreased the frequency of CD4⁺ cells compared to sham-treated mice (n = 6; p < 0.01). IL-10 KO E2 mice had a significantly increased frequency of CD4⁺ cells compared to WT E2 mice (p < 0.05; c). The frequency of CD19⁺ B cells was significantly increased with E2 treatment compared to sham-treated mice in both WT and IL-10 KO mice (p < 0.05). IL-10 KO mice also had a significantly increased frequency of CD19⁺ B cells compared to WT mice in the E2- and sham-treated groups (p < 0.05), with the IL-10 E2-treated group having the highest frequency (d). Data are represented as mean ± SEM