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Fig. 2 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 2

From: Interleukin 1 alpha administration is neuroprotective and neuro-restorative following experimental ischemic stroke

Fig. 2

Side effects of acute IL-1α treatment following stroke vary depending on dose. a–c Larger doses of IV IL-1α after stroke can cause a fever, b elevated heart rate, and c elevated pulse distension (two-way ANOVA *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001). d–f Doses of IL-1α administered IV (1 ng = 3.3 × 10−5 mg/kg) or IA (0.1 ng = 3.3 × 10−6 mg/kg) had no effect on d core temperature, or e heart rate. IV administration of IL-1α caused significant elevation of pulse distension (f) but this effect was lost with IA administration (two-way ANOVA *p < 0.05; **p < 0.005). Doses of IL-1α administered IV (1 ng = 3.3 × 10−5 mg/kg) or IA (0.1 ng = 3.3 × 10−6 mg/kg) had no effect of systemic (blood) levels of g IL-6, h TNF-α, and i CXCL1 24 h after MCAo/IL-1α treatment, compared to vehicle-treated and sham control animals. Data are the mean ± SEM (n = 5 per group)

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