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Table 1 Clinical features of patients and controls

From: Regulatory impairment in untreated Parkinson’s disease is not restricted to Tregs: other regulatory populations are also involved

 

Control

PD

P value

Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics

 Age at inclusion¢

55.59 ± 10.22

60.81 ± 10.23

0.064

 Male:female ratio^

54:46

56:44

 Body mass index (BMI)¢

26.85 ± 3.89

27.52 ± 4.54

0.549

 Symptom duration (years)¢

NA

2.90 ± 3.14

 Tremoric:akinetic ratio^

NA

59.4:53.1

Clinical scales¢

 Hoehn & Yahr

NA

2.17 ± 0.88

 UPDRS I

0.72 ± 0.98

2.50 ± 1.60

< 0.0001***

 UPDRS II

0.32 ± 0.89

13.28 ± 6.56

< 0.0001***

 UPDRS III

1.72 ± 3.71

35.68 ± 18.29

< 0.0001***

 UPDRS IV

0 ± 0

0 ± 0

> 0.999

 Total UPDRS

2.77 ± 4.05

51.59 ± 25.13

< 0.0001***

 Schwab-England scale

99.54 ± 2.13

76.59 ± 22.55

< 0.0001***

 Beck’s depression test

5.54 ± 6.24

11.50 ± 8.00

0.003**

Non-motor symptoms^

 Sialorrhea

NA

25

 Sleep disturbance

NA

50

 Hyposmia

NA

25

 Depression

NA

50

 Falls

NA

25

Comorbidities^

 Diabetes mellitus type 2

13.6

12.5

0.999

 Hypertension

9.1

37.5

0.029*

 Dyslipidemia

0

12.5

0.141

 Depressive disorder

3.1

6.25

0.557

  1. ¢Values are expressed as mean ± SD
  2. ^Values are expressed as percentage of subjects
  3. *P < 0.05 is considered as significant
  4. ** P < 0.005 is considered as significant
  5. ***P < 0.0005 is considered as significant